Troubleshooting & Best Practices

Lab 11.2 — PowerCLI Cheat Sheet

=== Connection ===
Connect-VIServer vcsa.company.com -Credential (Get-Credential)
Connect-VIServer vcsa.company.com -User [email protected] -Password 'VMware1!'
Disconnect-VIServer -Confirm:$false

=== Inventory ===
Get-Datacenter
Get-Cluster
Get-VMHost                              # All hosts
Get-VMHost | Select Name, State, Version, NumCpu, MemoryTotalGB
Get-VM                                  # All VMs
Get-VM | Where-Object {$_.PowerState -eq "PoweredOff"}
Get-Datastore | Select Name, FreeSpaceGB, CapacityGB

=== VM Operations ===
Get-VM "web-01" | Start-VM
Get-VM "web-01" | Stop-VM -Confirm:$false
Get-VM "web-01" | Restart-VM -Confirm:$false
Get-VM "web-01" | Suspend-VM
Get-VM | Where-Object {$_.NumCpu -gt 8} | Select Name, NumCpu

=== Snapshots ===
New-Snapshot -VM "web-01" -Name "pre-patch" -Quiesce -Memory
Get-VM "web-01" | Get-Snapshot
Set-VM -VM "web-01" -Snapshot (Get-Snapshot -VM "web-01" -Name "pre-patch")
Remove-Snapshot -Snapshot (Get-Snapshot -VM "web-01") -Confirm:$false
# Find VMs với snapshots cũ hơn 7 ngày:
Get-VM | Get-Snapshot | Where-Object {$_.Created -lt (Get-Date).AddDays(-7)} |
    Select VM, Name, Created, SizeMB

=== vMotion ===
Move-VM -VM "web-01" -Destination (Get-VMHost "esxi-02")
Move-VM -VM "web-01" -Datastore (Get-Datastore "DS-SSD")
Move-VM -VM "web-01" -Destination (Get-VMHost "esxi-03") `
        -Datastore (Get-Datastore "DS-NFS-Dev")

=== Resource Config ===
Get-VM "web-01" | Get-VMResourceConfiguration
Set-VMResourceConfiguration -VM "web-01" `
    -CpuReservationMhz 2000 -MemReservationMB 4096

=== Host Operations ===
Get-VMHost "esxi-01" | Set-VMHost -State Maintenance
Get-VMHost "esxi-01" | Set-VMHost -State Connected
Get-VMHost | Get-VMHostService | Where-Object {$_.Key -eq "TSM-SSH"} |
    Stop-VMHostService -Confirm:$false   # Disable SSH on all hosts

=== Bulk Reports ===
# Export all VMs inventory to CSV
Get-VM | Select Name, NumCpu, MemoryGB, PowerState,
    @{N='Host';E={$_.VMHost.Name}},
    @{N='Datastore';E={($_ | Get-Datastore).Name}},
    @{N='IP';E={@($_.Guest.IPAddress)[0]}} |
    Export-Csv -Path "C:\vm-inventory.csv" -NoTypeInformation

# Find VMs without VMware Tools:
Get-VM | Where-Object {$_.ExtensionData.Guest.ToolsStatus -ne "toolsOk"} |
    Select Name, @{N='ToolsStatus';E={$_.ExtensionData.Guest.ToolsStatus}}

# Datastore capacity report:
Get-Datastore | Select Name,
    @{N='CapacityGB';E={[math]::Round($_.CapacityGB,1)}},
    @{N='FreeGB';E={[math]::Round($_.FreeSpaceGB,1)}},
    @{N='UsedPct';E={[math]::Round((1-$_.FreeSpaceGB/$_.CapacityGB)*100,1)}} |
    Sort-Object UsedPct -Descending